South Africa presents the healthcare industry with many opportunities. The HIV/AIDS pandemic led to the biggest government tender ever for antiretrovirals in 2008. There are also other diseases prevalent in the region such as drug-resistant tuberculosis that are not as prominent in Western markets and enable companies to create African solutions for thecontinent’s problems. South Africa has the largest economy and the most regulated pharmaceutical industry on the continent. There are two distinct healthcare markets for the 47-million population: the government and private sector, which includes approximately 7 million people. All of the major pharmaceutical companies are represented in the country, alongside strong local players, and the market is attracting strong interest from newcomers, particularly Indian generic-drug companies looking to expand outside of their home territory.